Cotinine in Blood: How Long Does It Stay Detectable?
Cotinine in Blood: How Long Does It Stay Detectable?
Cotinine is a biomarker used to measure exposure to nicotine. It is a metabolite of nicotine that remains in the body for a longer period compared to nicotine itself.
How Long Does Cotinine Stay in Blood?
- Half-life: 16-20 hours
- Detectable for up to 2-3 weeks after last exposure
- Heavy smokers may have cotinine levels detectable for up to 4 weeks
| Blood Cotinine Level | Time After Last Exposure |
|---|---|---|
| Less than 10 ng/mL | 24 hours |
| 10-40 ng/mL | 2-3 days |
| 40-100 ng/mL | 1 week |
| Over 100 ng/mL | 2-3 weeks |
Factors Affecting Cotinine Clearance
- Metabolism: Individuals with faster metabolisms clear cotinine more quickly.
- Body weight: Cotinine is stored in body fat, so heavier individuals may have longer detection times.
- Smoking intensity: Heavier smokers have higher cotinine levels that take longer to clear.
- Quitting smoking: Cotinine levels typically drop rapidly after quitting, but can remain detectable for weeks.
Stories of Cotinine Detection
Case 1: Exposure Monitoring
- Benefit: Quantifying nicotine exposure to assess compliance with smoking cessation programs.
- How to: Collect blood samples and measure cotinine levels at regular intervals.
Case 2: Forensic Analysis
- Benefit: Determining smoking status in criminal investigations or child custody cases.
- How to: Interpret cotinine levels in conjunction with other evidence, such as witness testimony or physical examinations.
Case 3: Secondhand Smoke Exposure
- Benefit: Assessing the level of secondhand smoke exposure in nonsmokers.
- How to: Measure cotinine levels in blood or urine to estimate nicotine inhalation.
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